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STANDARD FORMS OF EQUATIONS OF CONIC SECTIONS:
Circle | (x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2 |
---|---|
Ellipse with vertical major axis | (x−h)2b2+(y−k)2a2=1 |
Hyperbola with horizontal transverse axis | (x−h)2a2−(y−k)2b2=1 |
Hyperbola with vertical transverse axis | (y−k)2a2−(x−h)2b2=1 |
Parabola with horizontal axis | (y−k)2=4p(x−h) , p≠0 |
ellipse
2. Which of the following is a conic section? Explanation: Circle is a conic section. When the plane cuts the right circular cone at right angles with the axis of the cone, the shape obtained is called as a circle.
conic sections are very important because they are useful in studying 3d geometry which has wide applications . In electro magnetic field theory it helps us study the nature of the field inside different shapes of conductors .
What are some real-life applications of conics? Planets travel around the Sun in elliptical routes at one focus. Mirrors used to direct light beams at the focus of the parabola are parabolic. Parabolic mirrors in solar ovens focus light beams for heating.
Ellipses, which have two foci, have a similar reflecting property that is exploited in a medical procedure called lithotripsy. Patients with kidney stones and gallstones are positioned in a tank shaped like half an ellipse so that the stones are at one focus. Parabolas and ellipses are curves called conic sections.
Conic section, also called conic, in geometry, any curve produced by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone. Depending on the angle of the plane relative to the cone, the intersection is a circle, an ellipse, a hyperbola, or a parabola.
1 : a plane curve, line, pair of intersecting lines, or point that is the intersection of or bounds the intersection of a plane and a cone with two nappes.
They are called conic sections because they can be formed by intersecting a right circular cone with a plane. When the plane is perpendicular to the axis of the cone, the resulting intersection is a circle.
To find the eccentricity of an ellipse. This is basically given as e = (1-b2/a2)1/2. Note that if have a given ellipse with the major and minor axes of equal length have an eccentricity of 0 and is therefore a circle. Since a is the length of the semi-major axis, a >= b and therefore 0 <= e < 1 for all the ellipses.
Earth’s Eccentricity The Earth’s orbital eccentricity varies from a maximum to minimum eccentricity over a period of approximately 92,000 years. The maximum eccentricity for the Earth is 0.057, while 0.005 is the minimum. Currently, 0.0167 is the Earth’s eccentricity.
Eccentricity is an important orbital parameter, which can substantially modulate the stellar insolations received by the planets. Understanding its effect on planetary climate and habitability is critical for us to search for a habitable world beyond our solar system.
Orbital parameters
Mars | Earth | |
---|---|---|
Orbit eccentricity | 0.0935 | 0.0167 |
Sidereal rotation period (hrs) | 24.6229 | 23.9345 |
Length of day (hrs) | 24.6597 | 24.0000 |
Obliquity to orbit (deg) | 25.19 | 23.44 |
If Pluto had maintained its planet status, it would have the slowest orbital speed at just 10,438 miles per hour. Instead, Neptune again wins with an orbital speed of 12,148 miles per hour. Compared to Earth’s 66,621 miles per hour, Neptune is practically sluggish.
Jupiter
planet Mercury