Mutualism is defined as a relationship that benefits two organisms, or it is defined as a doctrine in sociology where mutual aid is beneficial to society and the individual. An example of mutualism is pollination which is when bees take nectar from flowers and then deposit the nectar on another flower.

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Mutualism is an anarchist school of thought and economic theory that advocates a socialist society based on free markets and usufructs, i.e. occupation and use property norms. Mutualists are opposed to individuals receiving income through loans, investments and rent under capitalist social relations.

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For example, some scientists consider the relationship between people and gut bacteria to be an example of commensalism, while others believe it is mutualistic because humans may gain a benefit from the relationship.2

When a mosquito lands on a human they are ready to eat. The mosquitoes rely on humans for food. This relationship between the human and the mosquito would be considered parasitism because the human (host) is affected negatively and the mosquito (parasite) benefits from the relationship.

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A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. There are three main classes of parasites that can cause disease in humans: protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites.

Summary: Intestinal parasites such as tapeworms, hookworms and a protist called Blastocystis can be beneficial to human health, according to a new paper that argues we should rethink our views of organisms that live off the human body.23

Thanks in part to modern plumbing, people in the industrialized world have now lost almost all of their worms, with the exception of occasional pinworms in some children. Intestinal worms are properly called “helminths,” which most dictionaries will tell you are parasites.30

The most common intestinal protozoan parasites are: Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Cyclospora cayetanenensis, and Cryptosporidium spp.

Intestinal worms can also cause a rash or itching around the rectum or vulva. In some cases, you will pass a worm in your stool during a bowel movement. Some people may have intestinal worms for years without experiencing any symptoms.1

Eat more raw garlic, pumpkin seeds, pomegranates, beets, and carrots, all of which have been used traditionally to kill parasites. In one study, researchers found that a mixture of honey and papaya seeds cleared stools of parasites in 23 out of 30 subjects.

Marinating raw fish in citrus juice or vinegar, as in ceviche, does not kill all the bacteria and parasites. “Lime juice only makes them angry. Shellfish are potentially the most dangerous because they most readily absorb whatever toxins or bacteria are in the water.13

In stools, the worms look like small pieces of white cotton thread. Because of their size and white color, pinworms are difficult to see. The male worm is rarely seen because it remains inside the intestine. It is best to search for pinworms at night, when the female comes out to lay her eggs.

Garlic is said to kill any existing eggs and prevent female pinworms from laying more eggs. You can ingest it in small doses or apply it topically like a salve. If you wish to ingest the garlic, dice up a clove and mix it into pasta or sprinkle it on bread. You can also eat the garlic on its own.

Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection. Daily morning bathing and changing of underclothes helps remove a large proportion of pinworm eggs and can help prevent infection and reinfection.