Dicotyledon, byname dicot, any member of the flowering plants, or angiosperms, that has a pair of leaves, or cotyledons, in the embryo of the seed. Most common garden plants, shrubs and trees, and broad-leafed flowering plants such as magnolias, roses, geraniums, and hollyhocks are dicots.

The characters which distinguish the classes.

For instance, maize, banana, garlic, etc. Dicots- In their seeds, plants that produce two cotyledons are called dicots. A few examples of dicots include mustard, beans, legumes, and apples.

Peas, almonds and cashews are examples of dicotyledons or dicot seeds. Dicotyledons are also known as dicots. They are the groups into which all the flowering plants or angiosperms were formerly divided. The name dicotyledons refer to the seed having two embryonic cotyledons.

Gymnosperm seeds develop either on the surface of scales or leaves, which are often modified to form cones, or solitary as in yew, Torreya, Ginkgo. The gymnosperms and angiosperms together compose the spermatophytes or seed plants.

Gymnosperms are a smaller, more ancient group, and it consists of plants that produce “naked seeds” (seeds that are not protected by a fruit). There are more than 1,000 species of gymnosperms still found on Earth. The key difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms is how their seeds are developed.

Gymnosperms are those seed plants in which the seeds remain exposed over the surface of the megasporophylls because the latter are not folded to form pistils and thus lack ovary. Flowers are absent and thus fruits are not formed.

True or False, The seeds of gymnosperms are referred to as “clothed” because they are not enclosed by a protective fruit. True or False, Gymnosperms are the oldest type of seed plant. According to fossil evidence, gymnosperms first appeared on Earth about 360 million years ago. Four groups of gymnosperms exist today.

Fossil records indicate the first gymnosperms (progymnosperms) most likely originated in the Paleozoic era, during the middle Devonian period about 390 million years ago. Following the wet Mississippian and Pennsylvanian periods, which were dominated by giant fern trees, the Permian period was dry.

Gymnosperms possess needles or scale-like leaves, sometimes flat and large, and evergreen! No vessel elements are found in xylem, so out-competed now by vesseled angiosperms except in certain situations. Gymnosperms exhibit cones or strobili, naked seeds (= “gymnosperm”), but not flowers.

Orchids

Fossil records indicate “gymnosperms” originated in the Paleozoic Era, during the middle Devonian Period about 390 million years ago, and reached their greatest diversity during the Mesozoic Era, between 60 to 225 million years ago.

about 319 million years ago

They are also some of the tallest plants in the world. They are able to get very tall and strong because of heavy-duty xylem that hardens and makes them sturdy. That sturdiness is why these kinds of trees make good lumber – hard and strong wood.

Compared to ferns, gymnosperms have three additional adaptations that make survival in diverse land habitats possible. These adaptations include an even smaller gametophyte, pollen, and the seed. Gymnosperms are plants that bear seeds that are “naked,” meaning not enclosed in an ovary.

because they have pollens and flowers/fruits. The flowers are able to attract insects and this allows better transportation of pollen. Also, animals and insects may eat the seeds, and that would also be good transportation of the seed because the seed is usually excreted.

Scientists have discovered the evolutionary step which allowed flowering plants to become the most abundant and ecologically successful group of plants on Earth. Their results revealed that an evolutionary transformation in the plumbing of angiosperm leaves pushed photosynthetic capacity to new heights.