Crusader armies contained heavy cavalry, infantry and ranged troops such as archers or crossbowmen. The original leadership was generally made up of high-ranking knights from modern-day France and Belgium.

win the Holy Land from the Muslims

The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187.

The generic terms are usually lowercased when used alone. American… (sometimes capitalized); the Revolutionary War Crusades; the Sixth Crusade; a crusader French… Revolution; the Revolution of 1789; the Revolution (usually capitalized to distinguish the Revolution of…

The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291.

One of the many effects of the Crusades was that the pope and the kings of Western Europe became more powerful. In addition, Europeans began to trade with the Middle East. Trade increased as Western Europeans began to buy products like sugar, lemons, and spices.

What were two indirect results of the Crusades? Trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was weakened.

The term “Holy Land” usually refers to a territory roughly corresponding to the modern State of Israel, the Palestinian territories, western Jordan, and parts of southern Lebanon and southwestern Syria. Jews, Christians, and Muslims regard it as holy.

But in 1095, European Christians decided not only to reclaim the holy city from Muslim rulers but also to conquer the entire surrounding area. The Crusades provided the religious ideology for the Reconquista, which in turn inspired Atlantic colonization.

The Crusades brought cultural diffusion and introduced new ideas into Western Europe. Increased desires for luxury goods like silk, cotton, sugar, and spices. Introduced technologies like compass, astrolabe, ship designs, and gunpowder.

Invasive species, including communicable diseases, were a byproduct of the exchange. The changes in agriculture significantly altered global populations. The most significant immediate effects of the Columbian exchange were the cultural exchanges and the transfer of people (both free and enslaved) between continents.

There are three main reasons for European Exploration. Them being for the sake of their economy, religion and glory. They wanted to improve their economy for instance by acquiring more spices, gold, and better and faster trading routes. Also, they really believed in the need to spread their religion, Christianity.

The motives that spur human beings to examine their environment are many. Strong among them are the satisfaction of curiosity, the pursuit of trade, the spread of religion, and the desire for security and political power.

In 1493, an explorer in Spanish service named Christopher Columbus changed the course of world history when he unexpectedly discovered two entirely new continents during an expedition to reach Asia by sailing West from Europe.

The intangible desire to explore and challenge the boundaries of what we know and where we have been has provided benefits to our society for centuries. Human space exploration helps to address fundamental questions about our place in the Universe and the history of our solar system.

Information from ocean exploration can help us understand how we are affecting and being affected by changes in Earth’s environment, including changes in weather and climate. Insights from ocean exploration can help us better understand and respond to earthquakes, tsunamis, and other hazards.

Space exploration allows us to prove or disprove scientific theories developed on Earth. Studying the solar system, for example, has brought us insights into such phenomena as gravity, the magnetosphere, the atmosphere, fluid dynamics and the geological evolution of other planets.

Reasons for colonizing Mars include curiosity, the potential for humans to provide more in-depth observational research than unmanned rovers, economic interest in its resources, and the possibility that the settlement of other planets could decrease the likelihood of human extinction.

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Breathing on Mars Without a pressure suit, no amount of breathable oxygen delivered by any means will sustain oxygen-breathing life for more than a few minutes. In these conditions humans die within minutes unless a pressure suit provides life support.

There is no oxygen on Jupiter like there is on Earth. The plants on Earth have made the oxygen that we breathe. Since Jupiter is made of gases, is it possible to walk on Jupiter or would you just fall through it? The gases are pretty thick but not enough to stand on.

To support a starting population of a few hundred people on the moon, we’d have to start by transporting air to the lunar surface, pumping it into sealed structures in which humans would live. “People don’t use much air, and for a long time, we will not need to make the air on the moon.

While planet Saturn is an unlikely place for living things to take hold, the same is not true of some of its many moons. Satellites like Enceladus and Titan, home to internal oceans, could possibly support life.

Neptune, like the other gas giants in our solar system, doesn’t have much of a solid surface to live on. But the planet’s largest moon, Triton, could make an interesting place to set up a space colony. Though there are slight winds in Triton’s thin atmosphere, you wouldn’t feel any breeze while standing on the surface.

Deep within Neptune and Uranus, it rains diamonds—or so astronomers and physicists have suspected for nearly 40 years. The outer planets of our Solar System are hard to study, however. Beyond the lingering mystery of the diamond rain, there’s a big loss in our failure to study Uranus and Neptune inside and out.

The average temperature on Neptune is about minus 200 degrees Celsius (minus 392 degrees Fahrenheit). Neptune, the farthest known planet of our solar system, is located about 30 times farther away from the sun than Earth is.

Uranus’ environment is not conducive to life as we know it. The temperatures, pressures and materials that characterize this planet are most likely too extreme and volatile for organisms to adapt to.