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There are 29 subset of a nine element set. We have shown that every one of these can be made into a subset of a ten element set having an odd number of elements.
If there is a in the subset, then it can also have any of the different subsets of . There are no other odd numbers to consider, so we have altogether subsets of the set that contain at least one odd number.
Therefore: The number of subsets of S whose cardinality is odd is 2n−1, where |S|=n.
If we are talking about all the even numbers between 1 and 100 (including 100), then there is only one subset but if we are talking about all subsets whose elements are only even numbers, then since there are 50 even numbers between 1 and 100 (including 100), then there are 250−1 subsets of the original set whose …
Thus the number of subsets of X with an even number elements is equal to the number of subsets of {x1,…,xn−1}, namely 2n−1. and apply the binomial theorem. In total there are 2n subsets of X. If n is odd then there is a one-to-one correspondence between sets with even cardinality and sets with odd cardinality.
Definition 1: |A| = |B| For example, the set E = {0, 2, 4, 6.} of non-negative even numbers has the same cardinality as the set N = {0, 1, 2, 3.} of natural numbers, since the function f(n) = 2n is a bijection from N to E (see picture).
When n=1 we have from Cardinality of Power Set of Finite Set that S has 21=1 subsets: ∅ and S itself. We have that |S|=1 and |∅|=0. So there is indeed 21−1=20=1 subset of S whose cardinality is even, that is ∅.
1 subset
Any set is a subset of itself, but not a proper subset. (X ⊆ X is true, and X ⊊ X is false for any set X.) The set of natural numbers is a proper subset of the set of rational numbers; likewise, the set of points in a line segment is a proper subset of the set of points in a line.
The empty set = {} is a subset of any set, since every element in the empty set is in every set, but {} is not an element of every set. So say the set dog that you gave in your example set would look sth like dog={ empty, {{{{empty}, empty}}}}. This is called the axiom of regularity. Here is another interesting bit.